Tag: 1900-1949

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1947
Genre: Dystopian
Country: USA

The first novel Nabokov wrote while living in America and the most overtly political novel he ever wrote, Bend Sinister is a modern classic. While it is filled with veiled puns and characteristically delightful wordplay, it is, first and foremost, a haunting and compelling narrative about a civilized man caught in the tyranny of a police state. It is first and foremost a compelling narrative about a civilized man and his child caught up in the tyranny of a police state. Professor Adam Krug, the country’s foremost philosopher, offers the only hope of resistance to Paduk, dictator and leader of the Party of the Average Man. In a folly of bureaucratic bungling and ineptitude, the government attempts to co-opt Krug’s support in order to validate the new regime.

Author: Dylan Thomas
Date: 1930s
Genre: Short Stories
Country: UK

Collected here are eight particularly enjoyable Dylan Thomas stories, stories hailed by The New Statesman as “the unself-conscious classics, compassionate, fresh, and very funny… radiating enthusiasm and delight in the telling.” This story collection includes: The End of The River, The School for Witches, The Peaches, Just Like Little Dogs, Old Garbo, One Warm Saturday, Plenty of Furniture, The Followers.

Author: Edith Wharton
Date: 1917
Genre: 
Country: UK

While most novels by Edith Wharton dealt with New York’s upper-class society, this is one of two novels by Wharton with rural settings. Its themes include social class, the role of women in society, destructive relationships, sexual awakening and the desire of its protagonist, named Charity Royall. The novel was controversial at the time of its publication and is one of the less famous among her novels because of its subject matter.

Author: Edith Hamilton
Date: 1942
Genre: Mythology
Country: USA

It retells stories of Greek, Roman, and Norse mythology drawn from a variety of sources. The introduction includes commentary on the major classical poets used as sources, and on how changing cultures have led to changing characterizations of the deities and their myths. It is frequently used in high schools and colleges as an introductory text to ancient mythology and belief.

Author: Sinclair Lewis
Date: 1935
Genre: Political Fiction, Dystopian Fiction
Country: USA

It’s 1935 and discontent is rife in America. From the political margins appears Buzz Windrip, charismatic presidential candidate and ‘inspired guesser at what political doctrines the people would like’. Sweeping to power amid mass elation, he promises wealth for all and the dawn of a glorious new era. Small-town newspaper editor Doremus Jessup is worried, especially when the new regime becomes increasingly authoritarian. But what can one individual do to fight an all-powerful state? Sinclair Lewis’s terrifying cautionary tale pits liberal complacency against popular fascism and shows: yes, it really can happen here.

Author: Jean Rhys
Date: 1939
Genre: Modernist
Country: USA

It is experimental in design and deals with a woman’s feelings of vulnerability, depression, loneliness and desperation during the years between the two World Wars.

Author: Zora Neale Hurston
Date: 1942
Genre: Autobiography
Country: USA

It begins with Hurston’s childhood in the Black community of Eatonville, Florida, then covers her education at Howard University where she began as a fiction writer, having two stories published under the guidance of Charles S. Johnson. It also covers her anthropological work under Franz Boas that led to her study Mules and Men.

Author: Richard Wright
Date: 1945
Genre: Autobiography
Country: USA

A memoir by American author Richard Wright, detailing his upbringing. Wright describes his youth in the South: Mississippi, Arkansas and Tennessee, and his eventual move to Chicago, where he establishes his writing career and becomes involved with the Communist Party.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1930
Genre: 
Country: Russia

As a young boy, Luzhin was unattractive, distracted, withdrawn, sullen–an enigma to his parents and an object of ridicule to his classmates. He takes up chess as a refuge from the anxiety of his everyday life. His talent is prodigious and he rises to the rank of grandmaster–but at a cost: in Luzhin’ s obsessive mind, the game of chess gradually supplants the world of reality. His own world falls apart during a crucial championship match, when the intricate defense he has devised withers under his opponent’s unexpected and unpredictabke lines of assault.

Author: Henry Miller
Date: 1939
Genre: Autobiographical Novel
Country: France

A prequel to Miller’s 1934 work, the Tropic of Cancer. The novel is set in 1920s New York, where the narrator ‘Henry V. Miller’ works in the personnel division of the ‘Cosmodemonic’ telegraph company. Although the narrator’s experiences closely parallel Miller’s own time in New York working for the Western Union Telegraph Company, and though he shares the author’s name, the novel is considered a work of fiction. Much of the story surrounds his New York years of struggle with his first wife Beatrice, before meeting, and eventually marrying, June.

Author: Hermann Hesse
Date: 1919
Genre: Bildungsroman
Country: German

A young man awakens to selfhood and to a world of possibilities beyond the conventions of his upbringing in Nobel Prize winner Hermann Hesse’s beloved novel Demian. Emil Sinclair is a quiet boy drawn into a forbidden yet seductive realm of petty crime and defiance. His guide is his precocious, mysterious classmate Max Demian, who provokes in Emil a search for self-discovery and spiritual fulfillment.

Author: Evelyn Waugh
Date: 1948
Genre: Satire
Country: UK

About the funeral business in Los Angeles, the British expatriate community in Hollywood, and the film industry.

Author: Langston Hughes
Date: 1940
Genre: Autobiography
Country: USA

Hughes tells his experience of being a writer of color in Paris, France, and his experiences living in New York, where he faced injustices surrounding systemic racism.

Author: Willa Cather
Date: 1925
Genre: 
Country: USA

When Professor Godfrey St. Peter and wife move to a new house, he becomes uncomfortable with the route his life is taking. He keeps on his dusty study in the old house in an attempt to hang on to his old life. The marriages of his two daughters have removed them from the home and added two new sons-in-law, precipitating a mid-life crisis that leaves the Professor feeling as though he has lost the will to live because he has nothing to look forward to.

Author: D. H. Lawrence
Date: 1913
Genre: Autobiographical Novel
Country: UK

It traces emotional conflicts through the protagonist, Paul Morel, and his suffocating relationships with a demanding mother and two very different lovers, which exert complex influences on the development of his manhood.

Author: Luigi Pirandello
Date: 1921
Genre: Absurdist, Play, Metaplay
Country: Italy

Pirandello (1867-1936) is the founding architect of twentieth-century drama, brilliantly innovatory in his forms and themes, and in the combined energy, imagination and visual colours of his theatre. This volume of plays, translated from the Italian by Mark Musa, opens with Six Characters in Search of an Author, Pirandello’s most popular and controversial work in which six characters invade the stage and demand to be included in the play. The tragedy Henry IV dramatizes the lucid madness of a man who may be King. In So It Is (If You Think So) the townspeople exercise a morbid curiosity attempting to discover ‘the truth’ about the Ponza family. Each of these plays can lay claim to being Pirandello’s masterpiece, and in exploring the nature of human personality each one stretches the resources of drama to their limits.

Author: F. Scott Fitzgerald
Date: 1920
Genre: Bildungsroman
Country: USA

Amory Blaine, intent on rebelling against his staid, Midwestern upbringing, longs to acquire the patina of Eastern sophistication. In his quest for sexual and intellectual enlightenment, he progresses through a series of relationships, until he is cast out into the real world.

Author: F. Scott Fitzgerald
Date: 1922
Genre: Tragedy
Country: USA

Anthony and Gloria are the essence of Jazz Age glamour. A brilliant and magnetic couple, they fling themselves at life with an energy that is thrilling. New York is a playground where they dance and drink for days on end. Their marriage is a passionate theatrical performance; they are young, rich, alive and lovely and they intend to inherit the earth.

But as money becomes tight, their marriage becomes impossible. And with their inheritance still distant, Anthony and Gloria must grow up and face reality; they may be beautiful but they are also damned.

Author: Carson McCullers
Date: 1946
Genre:
Country: USA

With delicacy of perception and memory, humour and pathos, Carson McCullers spreads before us the three phases of a weekend crisis in the life of a motherless twelve-year-old girl. Within the span of a few hours, the irresistible, hoydenish Frankie passionately plays out her fantasies at her elder brother’s wedding. Through a perilous skylight we look into the mind of a child torn between her yearning to belong and the urge to run away.

Author: Henry Miller
Date: 1934
Genre: Autobiographical Novel
Country: France

Tropic of Cancer redefined the novel. Set in Paris in the 1930s, it features a starving American writer who lives a bohemian life among prostitutes, pimps, and artists. Banned in the US and the UK for more than thirty years because it was considered pornographic, Tropic of Cancer continued to be distributed in France and smuggled into other countries. When it was first published in the US in 1961, it led to more than 60 obscenity trials until a historic ruling by the Supreme Court defined it as a work of literature. Long hailed as a truly liberating book, daring and uncompromising, Tropic of Cancer is a cornerstone of modern literature that asks us to reconsider everything we know about art, freedom, and morality.

Author: Franz Kafka
Date: 1926
Genre: Absurdist Fiction, Political Fiction
Country: Germany

The Castle is the story of K., the unwanted Land Surveyor who is never to be admitted to the Castle nor accepted in the village, and yet cannot go home. As he encounters dualities of certainty and doubt, hope and fear, and reason and nonsense, K.’s struggles in the absurd, labyrinthine world where he finds himself seem to reveal an inexplicable truth about the nature of existence. Kafka began The Castle in 1922 and it was never finished, yet this, the last of his three great novels, draws fascinating conclusions that make it feel strangely complete.

Author: Sinclair Lewis
Date: 1935
Genre: Political Fiction, Dystopian Fiction
Country: USA

It’s 1935 and discontent is rife in America. From the political margins appears Buzz Windrip, charismatic presidential candidate and ‘inspired guesser at what political doctrines the people would like’. Sweeping to power amid mass elation, he promises wealth for all and the dawn of a glorious new era. Small-town newspaper editor Doremus Jessup is worried, especially when the new regime becomes increasingly authoritarian. But what can one individual do to fight an all-powerful state? Sinclair Lewis’s terrifying cautionary tale pits liberal complacency against popular fascism and shows: yes, it really can happen here.

Author: Hermann Hesse
Date: 1930
Genre: Historical Fiction, Philosophical Fiction
Country: German

One of Hermann Hesse’s greatest novels, Narcissus and Goldmund is an extraordinary recreation of the Middle Ages, contrasting the careers of two friends, one of whom shuns life in a monastery and goes on the road, tangled in the extremes of life in a world dominated by sin, plague and war, the other staying in the monastery and struggling, with equal difficulty, to lead a life of spiritual denial.

An superb feat of imagination, Narcissus and Goldmund can only be compared to such films set in medieval Europe as Bergman’s The Seventh Seal and Tarkovsky’s Andrei Rublev. It is a gripping, profound reading experience – as startling, in its different way, as Hesse’s Siddhartha and Steppenwolf.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1941
Genre:
Country: USA

Spurred on by admiration for his novelist half-brother and irritation at the biography written about him by Mr Goodman (‘his slapdash and very misleading book’), the narrator, V, sets out to record Sebastian Knight’s life as he understands it. But buried amid the extensive quoting, digressions, seeming explanations and digs, Sebastian’s erratic and troubled persona remains as elusive as ever.

Nabokov’s first novel written in English, The Real Life of Sebastian Knight is a nuanced, enigmatic portrayal of the conflict between the real and the unreal, and the futile quest for human truth.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1938
Genre: Metafiction
Country: Russia

The Gift is the phantasmal autobiography of Fyodor Godunov-Cherdynstev, a writer living in the closed world of Russian intellectuals in Berlin shortly after the First World War. This gorgeous tapestry of literature and butterflies tells the story of Fyodor’s pursuits as a writer. Its heroine is not Fyodor’s elusive and beloved Zina, however, but Russian prose and poetry themselves.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1936
Genre:
Country: USA

Albinus – rich, married middle-aged and respectable – is an art critic and aspiring filmmaker who lusts after the coquettish young cinema usherette Margot. Gradually he seduces her and convinces himself he is irresistible to her, but Margot has other plans. She wants to be a film star, and when Albinus introduces her to the American movie producer Axel Rex, she sees her chance – and plotting, duplicity and tragedy ensue.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1939
Genre: Novella
Country: Russia

Nabokov described this novella, written in Paris in 1939 but only published twenty years later, as ‘the first little throb of Lolita‘. The plot is similar: a middle-aged man wedding an unattractive widow in order to indulge his paedophilic obsession with her daughter.

However, The Enchanter has an utterly different atmosphere, as time, place and even names remain a mystery. Nabokov transforms his protagonist’s attempts to lull his twelve-year-old step-daughter into a state of ‘enchantment’ into a graceful, chilling fairytale.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1932
Genre:
Country: Russia

‘In general Glory is my happiest thing.’ ‘The fun of Glory is . . . to be sought in the echoing and linking of minor events, in back-and-forth switches, which produce an illusion of impetus; in an old daydream directly becoming the blessing of the ball hugged to one’s chest, or in the casual vision of Martin’s mother grieving beyond the time-frame of the novel in an abstraction of the future that the reader can only guess at, even after he has raced through the last seven chapters where a regular madness of structural twists and a masquerade of all characters culminate in a furious finale, although nothing much happens at the very end – just a bird perching on a wicket in the greyness of a wet day’ – Vladimir Nabokov

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1930
Genre: Novella
Country: Russia

Smurov, a fussily self-conscious Russian tutor, shoots himself after a humiliating beating by his mistress’ husband. Unsure whether his suicide has been successful or not, Smurov drifts around Berlin, observing his acquaintances, but finds he can discover very little about his own life from the opinions of his distracted, confused fellow-émigrés. Nabokov’s shortest novel, The Eye is both a satirical detective story and a wonderfully layered exploration of identity, appearance and the loss of self in a world of word-play and confusion.

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1926
Genre:
Country: Russia

Lev Ganin is a young officer sharing a boarding house in Berlin with a host of Russian émigrés. Alone in his room, he dreams of his first love, Mary. Awash with memories of youth and idyllic scenes of pre-Revolution Russia, Ganin becomes convinced that Mary is in fact the wife of a fellow-boarder, due to arrive at this very house soon. He longs for her arrival, when he can whisk her away and leave everything behind …

Author: Vladimir Nabokov
Date: 1928
Genre: 
Country: Russia

‘Of all my novels this bright brute is the gayest’, Nabokov wrote of King, Queen, Knave. Comic, sensual and cerebral, it dramatizes an Oedipal love triangle, a tragi-comedy of husband, wife and lover, through Dreyer the rich businessman, his ripe-lipped ad mercenary wife Martha, and their bespectacled nephew Franz. ‘If a resolute Freudian manages to slip in’ – Nabokov darts a glance to the reader – ‘he or she should be warned that a number of cruel traps have been set here and there…

Author: Jean-Paul Sartre
Date: 1938
Genre: Philosophical Novel
Country: France

Nausea is both the story of the troubled life of a young writer, Antoine Roquentin, and an exposition of one of the most influential and significant philosophical attitudes of modern times – existentialism. The book chronicles his struggle with the realization that he is an entirely free agent in a world devoid of meaning; a world in which he must find his own purpose and then take total responsibility for his choices. A seminal work of contemporary literary philosophy, Nausea evokes and examines the dizzying angst that can come from simply trying to live.

Author: Flann O’Brien
Date: 1939
Genre: Postmodern
Country: Ireland

It is widely considered to be O’Brien’s masterpiece, and one of the most sophisticated examples of metafiction. At Swim-Two-Birds presents itself as a first-person story by an unnamed Irish student of literature. The student believes that “one beginning and one ending for a book was a thing I did not agree with”, and he accordingly sets three apparently quite separate stories in motion.

Author: Henry James
Date: 1902
Genre: 
Country: UK/USA

Emerging from the grit and stigma of poverty to a life of fairytale privilege under the wing of her aunt, the beautiful and financially ambitious Kate Croy is already romantically involved with promising journalist Merton Densher when they become acquainted with Milly Theale, a New York socialite of immense wealth. Learning of Milly’s mortal illness and passionate attraction to Densher, Kate sets the scene for a romantic betrayal intended to secure her lasting financial security. As the dying Milly retreats within the carnival splendour of a Venetian palazzo, becoming the frail hub of a predatory circle of fortune-seekers, James unfolds a resonant, brooding tale of doomed passion, betrayal, human resilience and remorse.

Author: Jorge Luis Borges
Date: 1949
Genre: Short Stories
Country: Argentina

With uncanny insight, Jorge Luis Borges takes us inside the minds of an unrepentant Nazi, an imprisoned Mayan priest, fanatical Christian theologians, a woman plotting vengeance on her father’s “killer,” and a man awaiting his assassin in a Buenos Aires guest house. This anthology also contains the hauntingly brief vignettes about literary imagination and personal identity collected in The Maker, which Borges wrote as failing eyesight and public fame began to undermine his sense of self.

Author: D. H. Lawrence
Date: 1920
Genre: 
Country: UK

Widely regarded as D. H. Lawrence’s greatest novel, Women in Love continues where The Rainbow left off, with the third generation of the Brangwens. Focusing on Ursula Brangwen and her sister Gudrun’s relationships-the former with a school inspector and the latter with an industrialist and then a sculptor-Women in Love is a powerful, sexually explicit depiction of the destructiveness of human relations.

Author: James Joyce
Date: 1916
Genre: Pastoral Novel
Country: Ancient Greece

The first, shortest, and most approachable of James Joyce’s novels, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man portrays the Dublin upbringing of Stephen Dedalus, from his youthful days at Clongowes Wood College to his radical questioning of all convention. In doing so, it provides an oblique self-portrait of the young Joyce himself. At its center lie questions of origin and source, authority and authorship, and the relationship of an artist to his family, culture, and race. Exuberantly inventive in style, the novel subtly and beautifully orchestrates the patterns of quotation and repetition instrumental in its hero’s quest to create his own character, his own language, life, and art: “to forge in the smithy of my soul the uncreated conscience of my race.”

Author: Joseph Conrad
Date: 1902
Genre: Novella
Country: UK

Delve into the harrowing journey of Marlow as he ventures up the Congo River in Joseph Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness.” This evocative tale exposes the grim realities of European colonialism in Africa, the darkness within the human soul, and the profound horrors lurking beneath the guise of civilization. As Marlow confronts the enigmatic figure of Kurtz, Conrad crafts a narrative rich in symbolism and profound existential questioning. “Heart of Darkness” remains a vital read, not just for its literary brilliance but for its incisive critique of imperialism and exploration of humanity’s darkest corners.

Author: Willa Cather
Date: 1913
Genre: Historical Fiction
Country: USA

Although his work has been restricted to the short story, the essay, and poetry, Jorge Luis Borges of Argentina is recognized all over the world as one of the most original and significant figures in modern literature. In his preface, Andre Maurois writes: “Borges is a great writer who has composed only little essays or short narratives. Yet they suffice for us to call him great because of their wonderful intelligence, their wealth of invention, and their tight, almost mathematical style.”

Author: William Faulkner
Date: 1936
Genre: Southern Gothic
Country: USA

Published in 1936, Absalom, Absalom! is considered by many to be William Faulkner’s masterpiece. Although the novel’s complex and fragmented structure poses considerable difficulty to readers, the book’s literary merits place it squarely in the ranks of America’s finest novels. The story concerns Thomas Sutpen, a poor man who finds wealth and then marries into a respectable family. His ambition and extreme need for control bring about his ruin and the ruin of his family. Sutpen’s story is told by several narrators, allowing the reader to observe variations in the saga as it is recounted by different speakers. This unusual technique spotlights one of the novel’s central questions: To what extent can people know the truth about the past?

Author: Virginia Woolf
Date: 1929
Genre: Essay, Feminist
Country: UK

A Room of One’s Own is an extended essay by Virginia Woolf. First published on the 24th of October, 1929, the essay was based on a series of lectures she delivered at Newnham College and Girton College, two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in October 1928. While this extended essay in fact employs a fictional narrator and narrative to explore women both as writers and characters in fiction, the manuscript for the delivery of the series of lectures, titled Women and Fiction, and hence the essay, are considered nonfiction. The essay is seen as a feminist text, and is noted in its argument for both a literal and figural space for women writers within a literary tradition dominated by patriarchy.

Author: Edith Wharton
Date: 1905
Genre: Tragedy, Comedy of Manners
Country: USA

Lily Bart, beautiful, witty and sophisticated, is accepted by ‘old money’ and courted by the growing tribe of nouveaux riches. But as she nears thirty, her foothold becomes precarious; a poor girl with expensive tastes, she needs a husband to preserve her social standing and to maintain her in the luxury she has come to expect. Whilst many have sought her, something – fastidiousness or integrity- prevents her from making a ‘suitable’ match.

Author: William Faulkner
Date: 1932
Genre: Southern Gothic, Modernist
Country: USA

Light in August, a novel that contrasts stark tragedy with hopeful perseverance in the face of mortality, which features some of Faulkner’s most memorable characters: guileless, dauntless Lena Grove, in search of the father of her unborn child; Reverend Gail Hightower, a lonely outcast haunted by visions of Confederate glory; and Joe Christmas, a desperate, enigmatic drifter consumed by his mixed ancestry.

Author: Richard Wright
Date: 1940
Genre: African American
Country: USA

Right from the start, Bigger Thomas had been headed for jail. It could have been for assault or petty larceny; by chance, it was for murder and rape. Native Son tells the story of this young black man caught in a downward spiral after he kills a young white woman in a brief moment of panic. Set in Chicago in the 1930s, Wright’s powerful novel is an unsparing reflection on the poverty and feelings of hopelessness experienced by people in inner cities across the country and of what it means to be black in America.

Author: Theodore Dreiser
Date: 1900
Genre: Literary Realism
Country: USA

Published by Doubleday in 1900, it gained a reputation as a shocker, for Dreiser had dared to give the public a heroine whose “cosmopolitan standard of virtue” brings her from Wisconsin, with four dollars in her purse, to a suite at the Waldorf and glittering fame as an actress. With Sister Carrie, the original manuscript of which is in the New York Public Library collections, Dreiser told a tale not “sufficiently delicate” for many of its first readers and critics, but

Author: Willa Cather
Date: 1918
Genre: Historical Fiction
Country: USA

The novel tells the stories of an orphaned boy from Virginia, Jim Burden, and the elder daughter in a family of Bohemian immigrants, Ántonia Shimerda, who are each brought as children to be pioneers in Nebraska towards the end of the 19th century. The first year in the very new place leaves strong impressions on both children, affecting them for life.

Author: John Steinbeck
Date: 1937
Genre: Tragedy
Country: USA

They are an unlikely pair: George is “small and quick and dark of face”; Lennie, a man of tremendous size, has the mind of a young child. Yet they have formed a “family,” clinging together in the face of loneliness and alienation. Laborers in California’s dusty vegetable fields, they hustle work when they can, living a hand-to-mouth existence. But George and Lennie have a plan: to own an acre of land and a shack they can call their own.

While the powerlessness of the laboring class is a recurring theme in Steinbeck’s work of the late 1930s, he narrowed his focus when composing Of Mice and Men, creating an intimate portrait of two men facing a world marked by petty tyranny, misunderstanding, jealousy, and callousness. But though the scope is narrow, the theme is universal: a friendship and a shared dream that makes an individual’s existence meaningful.

Author: D. H. Lawrence
Date: 1932
Genre: Erotic Romance
Country: USA

With her soft brown hair, lithe figure and big, wondering eyes, Constance Chatterley is possessed of a certain vitality. Yet she is deeply unhappy; married to an invalid, she is almost as inwardly paralyzed as her husband Clifford is paralyzed below the waist. It is not until she finds refuge in the arms of Mellors the game-keeper, a solitary man of a class apart, that she feels regenerated. Together they move from an outer world of chaos towards an inner world of fulfillment.

Author: W. Somerset Maugham
Date: 1925
Genre: 
Country: UK

Set in England and Hong Kong in the 1920s, The Painted Veil is the story of the beautiful, but love-starved Kitty Fane. When her husband discovers her adulterous affair, he forces her to accompany him to the heart of a cholera epidemic. Stripped of the British society of her youth and the small but effective society she fought so hard to attain in Hong Kong, she is compelled by her awakening conscience to reassess her life and learn how to love.

Author: W. Somerset Maugham
Date: 1915
Genre: Bildungsroman
Country: UK

From a tormented orphan with a clubfoot, Philip Carey grows into an impressionable young man with a voracious appetite for adventure and knowledge. His cravings take him to Paris at age eighteen to try his hand at art, then back to London to study medicine. But even so, nothing can sate his nagging hunger for experience. Then he falls obsessively in love, embarking on a disastrous relationship that will change his life forever.…

Author: Pearl S. Buck
Date: 1931
Genre: Historical Fiction
Country: China

This tells the poignant tale of a Chinese farmer and his family in old agrarian China. The humble Wang Lung glories in the soil he works, nurturing the land as it nurtures him and his family. Nearby, the nobles of the House of Hwang consider themselves above the land and its workers; but they will soon meet their own downfall.

Author: Willa Cather
Date: 1927
Genre:
Country: USA

Willa Cather’s best known novel is an epic–almost mythic–story of a single human life lived simply in the silence of the southwestern desert. In 1851 Father Jean Marie Latour comes to serve as the Apostolic Vicar to New Mexico. What he finds is a vast territory of red hills and tortuous arroyos, American by law but Mexican and Indian in custom and belief. In the almost forty years that follow, Latour spreads his faith in the only way he knows–gently, all the while contending with an unforgiving landscape, derelict and sometimes openly rebellious priests, and his own loneliness. Out of these events, Cather gives us an indelible vision of life unfolding in a place where time itself seems suspended.

Author: Carson McCullers
Date: 1940
Genre: Frame Story, Short Stories
Country: Italy

At its center is the deaf-mute John Singer, who becomes the confidant for various types of misfits in a Georgia mill town during the 1930s. Each one yearns for escape from small town life. When Singer’s mute companion goes insane, Singer moves into the Kelly house, where Mick Kelly, the book’s heroine (and loosely based on McCullers), finds solace in her music. Wonderfully attuned to the spiritual isolation that underlies the human condition, and with a deft sense for racial tensions in the South, McCullers spins a haunting, unforgettable story that gives voice to the rejected, the forgotten, and the mistreated — and, through Mick Kelly, gives voice to the quiet, intensely personal search for beauty.

Author: Albert Camus
Date: 1947
Genre: Philosophical Novel, Existentialism
Country: France

The book tells a gripping tale of human unrelieved horror, of survival and resilience, and of the ways in which humankind confronts death, The Plague is at once a masterfully crafted novel, eloquently understated and epic in scope, and a parable of ageless moral resonance, profoundly relevant to our times. In Oran, a coastal town in North Africa, the plague begins as a series of porters, unheeded by the people. It gradually becomes an omnipresent reality, obliterating all traces of the past and driving its victims to almost unearthly extremes of suffering, madness, and compassion.

Author: Zora Neale Hurston
Date: 1937
Genre: Bildungsroman, Psychological Fiction
Country: USA

Fair and long-legged, independent and articulate, Janie Crawford sets out to be her own person—no mean feat for a black woman in the ’30s. Janie’s quest for identity takes her through three marriages and into a journey back to her roots.

Original Title: Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften
Author: Robert Musil
Date: 1930–1943
Genre: Modernist, Philosophical, Historical
Country: Austria

“The Man Without Qualities” is a satirical novel set in Vienna during the last days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It follows the life of Ulrich, a thirty-two-year-old mathematician, who is in search of a sense of life and reality but is caught up in the societal changes and political chaos of his time. The book explores themes of existentialism, morality, and the search for meaning in a rapidly changing world.

Original Title: Im Westen nichts Neues
Author: Erich Maria Remarque
Date: 1928
Genre: War
Country: German

The novel tells the story of a young German soldier, Paul Bäumer, and his experiences during World War I. The narrative explores the physical and emotional toll of war, the camaraderie between soldiers, and the disillusionment of a generation thrown into a brutal conflict. The protagonist and his friends grapple with survival, fear, and the loss of innocence, providing a stark and poignant critique of the futility and destructiveness of war.

Author: Marcel Proust
Date: 1913-1927
Genre: Modernist
Country: France

In Search of Lost Time follows the narrator’s recollections of childhood and experiences into adulthood in late 19th-century and early 20th-century high-society France.

Original Title: Ficciones
Author: Jorge Luis Borges
Date: 1941
Genre: Short Stories
Country: Argentina

“Collected Fiction” is a compilation of stories by a renowned author that takes readers on a journey through a world of philosophical paradoxes, intellectual humor, and fantastical realities. The book features a range of narratives, from complex, multi-layered tales of labyrinths and detective investigations, to metaphysical explorations of infinity and the nature of identity. It offers an immersive and thought-provoking reading experience, blurring the boundaries between reality and fiction, past and present, and the self and the universe.

Author: Ralph Ellison
Date: 1952
Genre: Bildungsroman, African American
Country: USA

The novel is a poignant exploration of a young African-American man’s journey through life, where he grapples with issues of race, identity, and individuality in mid-20th-century America. The protagonist, who remains unnamed throughout the story, considers himself socially invisible due to his race. The narrative follows his experiences from the South to the North, from being a student to a worker, and his involvement in the Brotherhood, a political organization. The book is a profound critique of societal norms and racial prejudice, highlighting the protagonist’s struggle to assert his identity in a world that refuses to see him.

Author: Mikhail Bulgakov
Date: 1967
Genre: 
Country: Russia

This novel is a complex narrative that weaves together three distinct yet intertwined stories. The first story is set in 1930s Moscow and follows the devil and his entourage as they wreak havoc on the city’s literary elite. The second story is a historical narrative about Pontius Pilate and his role in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The third story is a love story between the titular Master, a writer who has been driven to madness by the criticism of his work, and his devoted lover, Margarita. The novel is a satirical critique of Soviet society, particularly the literary establishment, and its treatment of artists. It also explores themes of love, sacrifice, and the nature of good and evil.

Author: Virginia Woolf
Date: 1925
Genre: 
Country: UK

The novel chronicles a day in the life of Clarissa Dalloway, a high-society woman in post-World War I England, as she prepares for a party she is hosting that evening. Throughout the day, she encounters various characters from her past, including a former suitor and a shell-shocked war veteran. The narrative jumps back and forth in time and in and out of different characters’ minds, exploring themes of mental illness, existentialism, and the nature of time.

Author: Virginia Woolf
Date: 1927
Genre: Modernist
Country: UK

This novel is a pioneering work of modernist literature that explores the Ramsay family’s experiences at their summer home on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. The narrative is divided into three sections, focusing on a day in the family’s life, a description of the house during their absence, and their return after ten years. The book is known for its stream of consciousness narrative technique and its exploration of topics such as the passage of time, the nature of art, and the female experience.

Author: James Joyce
Date: 1922
Genre: Modernist
Country: UK

Set in Dublin, the novel follows a day in the life of Leopold Bloom, an advertising salesman, as he navigates the city. The narrative, heavily influenced by Homer’s Odyssey, explores themes of identity, heroism, and the complexities of everyday life. It is renowned for its stream-of-consciousness style and complex structure, making it a challenging but rewarding read.

Author: Anne Frank
Date: 1947
Genre: Autobiography
Country: Netherlands

Discovered in the attic where she spent the final years of her life, Anne Frank’s Diary has become a timeless classic; a powerful reminder of the horrors of war and a moving testament to the resilience of the human spirit.